Corporate social responsibility practices in India: approach, drivers, and barriers

Arevalo and Aravind analyze CSR as understood and implemented by leading Indian firms participating in the UN Global Compact. Using surveys of top-level managers, they identify four CSR perspectives—ethical, statist, liberal, and stakeholder—and find that the stakeholder model predominates. They highlight moral or caring motives as the primary driver, followed by strategic profit-oriented incentives. The greatest barrier is resource scarcity, followed by structural and implementation complexities. The study fills a gap in CSR research by focusing on emerging-market contexts and suggests further comparative analysis beyond Global Compact participants to understand broader CSR practices in India