Philanthropy and the third sector in Mexico: The enabling environment and its limitations

Layton examines why Mexico's third sector remains underdeveloped. He argues that weak legal, fiscal, accountability, capacity, resource, and cultural frameworks constrain civil society growth. Applying a comprehensive "enabling-environment" model, the author recommends reforms across regulatory, institutional, and cultural domains. These reforms are crucial to strengthen Mexico's nonprofit and philanthropic ecosystems, fostering a more robust and effective civil society that can address social needs.