Philanthropy, social change, and feminism: Understanding US women's foundations and funds

Gillespie analyzes women-led philanthropic foundations in the U.S., exploring their feminist frameworks and social-change goals. She finds these funders prioritize gender equity, intersectionality, and grassroots empowerment. The study highlights how women's philanthropic organizations navigate institutional constraints to promote feminist values in grant-making, aiming to advance gender and social equality. Women's foundations and funds are largely grantmaking organizations, with 37% being 501(c)(3) nonprofits and 63% housed within larger foundations. They are known for their collaborative and empowering nature.