Individual giving and philanthropy in Turkey

This paper investigates individual giving and philanthropy in Turkey, with a particular focus on informal giving directly to individuals in need. Based on surveys conducted in 2004 and 2015, the research finds significantly higher levels of informal giving compared to formal giving, though informal giving decreased over the period. Turks overwhelmingly prefer giving to individuals over institutions, a contrast to findings in many other countries. Despite this preference, the determinants of informal giving in Turkey largely align with broader research on motivations for giving, indicating common underlying factors influencing philanthropic behavior.